The concept of insurance in Islam

Ladies and Gentlemen,
I have always been very confused about the idea of insurance in Islam and its credibility. I recently had a discussion on this issue with three of my closest friends, and some of them have a clearer idea about it. Two of my friends were in favor of some form of insurance and have their own opinion on this issue, please note that these two good knowledge of Islam. I would not call molvis moderate Muslims, but also a good knowledge of various topics in Islam (although this is not a criterion). I will continue my reservations, their responses and some other points of view here, and would welcome the views of other people here. Please take part in a discussion with his understanding of (any), and you can subscribe to their views and explain that it may be some ambiguities that you or others may have. Thank you.

What is the Court (per cent) and Hara (forbidden) in Islam?
My understanding is that all of the income, the following criteria

1. Sets
2. It is, without doubt, benefits (no loss)
3. Easy and Work

Savings Bank Account
For me, a savings account with a bank is the purest form of interest, and it is Haram. There is a fixed rate of return for one year, it always will be deposited money and without work or effort on my part. No risk.

There are two different views on bank deposits in savings accounts.
Wenn eine Familie hat kein Einkommen und wissen nicht, wie und welche Unternehmen zu investieren, im Interesse der Bank Geld Halal (erlaubt). At the very example, if a woman, a widow and her children are small, and not just the money they have, and nothing else, the interest on money the bank HALAL (allowed).
In the early days of Islam, when the interest of the Haram (forbidden), currency, gold and non-use values thei depreciate. Gold for assessing the growth of inflation, and people can buy the same quantity of goods, even after many years of rising prices. In today's time, with tickets on fashion and value of the currency depreciates daily with inflation, people can not buy the same amount of goods a year with the same money you have now. Keep the money in savings accounts of banks only protection against a possible devaluation of the money in the form of interest. Thus, it is very interesting and was not warranted.

Insurance
Now let's talk about insurance. There are two types of insurance, the insurance product (an object or material), and people's lives.

Insurance products
If any person or company has a product (for example, a car or a house or goods), and we want to ensure against any possible damage (such as theft, fire, accidents, etc.), the person or company product insured, some insurance companies. There will be a reward in the form of insurance payments for a person or company to pay the insurance company and the product again guaranteed. But even if the damage caused by the product, the cost of insurance for the melody is guaranteed. But the important point is that the payment of insurance premiums in the cash payment will not be returned, if there is demand.

Life Insurance
Human life is the concept a little more than the new insurance products, which for many centuries (as we know). In life insurance, a person who has a certain amount for a certain number of years (usually 20 years, we have from the public and EFU Life ") and includes three areas.

1. If a person dies within 20 years, his family (beneficiaries) receive a large sum of money, as agreed at the time of the conclusion of insurance contract.
2. If a person does not die within 20 years, the money is well with him as an account with an annual profit on the shares has been paid to the insurance company.
3. In some cases, in addition to the above, if a person is sick, their medical expenses covered by the insurance for 20 years.

Now, my question relates specifically to the first 2 points. If a person dies, the family receives a lump sum of insurance money (for example, insurance). Nonetheless, life insurance, if a person dies, he is still real value in their payments, in addition to the total amount of payments to the insurance company.
Now it is a win-win situation, and that the income falls within my definition of interest, ie income (without the risk of loss), does not mean every effort and work.

What are the other participants in this forum. Insurance friend or evil, especially in the context of Islam?
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